Zen Vuong

  1. Young firecracker sparks sustainability summit

    March 31, 2012 by Zen Vuong

    Ellen Gustafson co-founded FEED, a company that creates consumer goods like satchels. Much of the revenue from the products goes to feeding school children around the world.

    Ellen Gustafson, named Inc Magazine’s “Top 30 Under 30” in 2010, spoke Friday night to approximately 60 Northwestern students and visitors.

    She was the opening keynote speaker to Northwestern University’s 7th annual Summit on Sustainability, a two-day event. This conference brings students and the community together so people could exchange ideas on how to improve social justice and work towards a sustainable world.

    (Watch 5 minutes of the keynote)


    The problem year: 1980

    According to Gustafson, 1980 was when America’s obesity problems began.

    Genetically modified crops first became patentable in 1980, Gustafson said.  The oil crisis at the time eliminated many small famers, which led to larger agricultural companies.

    Manufactured food has now been around for more than 30 years. Although “many people herald [it] as the answer to all the world’s problems,” it has created problems without solving world hunger, she said.

    About 60 people came to Harris Hall to listen to Ellen Gustafson speak about changing our food choices and working towards a more sustainable food system.

    The solution starts now, and it starts with you

    Referencing two of today’s most popular college startups, Gustafson said, “The only way that we are really going to fix these challenges is to find the Google, find the Facebook. It doesn’t exist yet. That doesn’t mean that it’s not going to happen. It means that we have to build it.”

    Change starts with individual consumer choices. People who want to improve the food system today should buy products from companies that treat their employees well or from ones that have good environmental practices, Gustafson said.

    Other than that, she advises people to surround themselves with like-minded individuals who are interested in changing the world. Doing so “is one of the best things we could do to help our own personal development,” she said.

    Some people left with a parting gift 

    This keynote has “re-inspired me in my own job,” Humecki said.

    Humecki, who is an intern for Northwestern University’s food service, said she really enjoyed Gustafson’s “3.0” food idea. People need to discard the outdated system and welcome the new one, she said.

    A sustainability intern at the University of Illinois at Chicago left the keynote with mixed ideas.

    “Sometimes I get very cynical about what we can do as an individual,” said Charmi Shah, 27. She didn’t know “how much of an impact we could have on a larger group, in a community, in a country or globally,” she said.

    Yet, she said she hoped to speak to others at the reception afterwards, especially those who have tried to bring about change. She wanted to network and work towards becoming “part of the solution,” she said.

  2. Data collection can be good for your health

    March 8, 2012 by Zen Vuong
    Chih-Hung Chang

    Psychometrician Chih-Hung Chang, of Northwestern University, said data collection and analysis could lead to more holistic patient treatment.

    If you ask a medical doctor what psychometrics is, you might see a blank stare.

    Yet Chih-Hung Chang, an associate professor at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, said he thinks patient diagnosis and treatment would benefit from having this type of quantitative psychology become common practice in medicine. He talks about how people-reported data, electronic devices and data analysis could bring about more holistic patient care.

    Q: What is psychometrics?

    A: It’s basically one of the disciplines of psychology which has more of a focus on numbers. The important thing about psychometrics is it converts latent, unobservable traits into numbers and uses those numbers for comparisons.

    Psychometrics actually has to do mostly with how to design good assessment tools. Without the tools, the numbers you get from the responses of the patients might be meaningless. So psychometrics uses a lot of statistical modeling in order to determine whether this ‘good’ assessment tool could be applied to different populations.

    Q: What’s the story behind this science?

    A: It actually was originally developed for educational testing or psychological measurement, but I think it is mostly applied to do personality assessment. For instance, if you want to measure people’s depression or their anxiety or some other psychological trait, you use a questionnaire or test items. Ask them a list of items, and based on their responses, you create a score and then create a profile to compare [them] to ‘normal people.’

    Right now most of the instruments have been developed for assessing health-related quality of life. Researchers or clinicians could use those numbers to understand whether [patients] need further treatment or a referral to a specialist.

    Q: How does psychometrics help doctors see patients more holistically?

    A: Most of the instruments are capturing mental health, physical health, social health and, sometimes, spiritual health. [Psychometricians are] making sure that the whole picture of the patient can be profiled with some numbers so that the treating physician could utilize that information and decide what might be the best treatment options available.

    Q: How do computers and the Internet assist you in this process?

    A: Using large databases, you compare your patient’s characteristics to the [patients in the] large database. You know with his characteristics, he might be more likely to benefit from one specific treatment. You could also integrate laboratory data or some other clinical data utilizing electronic medical records. So you compare [all] that in real time.

    You sort of have an integrated system: from the patient’s perspective, from the clinician’s perspective, from data’s viewpoint. And you generate a report specifically tailored to that particular patient, so clinicians could utilize that printout or chart.

    Q: Is the ultimate goal for patients to use their smartphones, tablets and other electronic devices even while they’re healthy in order to improve their future doctor visits?

    A: The overall goal is to allow the use of technology so that patients could enter their information. That information gets analyzed and summarized and delivered to a treating physician to sort of open up the communication channel.

    It sounds simple but you want to make sure that information that gets entered is valid and reliable because sometimes a patient or some other people [such as caretakers of incapacitated individuals] might try to report data that is not valid.

    We build in some validation questions in the questionnaire, so we could sort of detect whether that person is responding inconsistently. For instance, if you respond ‘very much’ to most of the questions but you respond ‘not at all’ to one of the related questions, we know there must be something going on. And then we could detect whether the person is lying or making the responses up.

    Q: Don’t we already have health-related apps like ones that measure body mass index and fiber intake?

    A: We do, but in order to provide a holistic picture of the patient, not only do you have to report some of the daily indicators like vital signs, [but] you also need to use some of the tools, like measuring particular aspects related to quality of life.

    Q: How could psychometrics help a patient’s treatment and diagnosis?

    A: Once clinicians utilize this tool, with the information provided to them, they could spend their time more efficiently. They could try to target the area or the problems from the patients’ [perspective].

    Clinicians need to spend a lot of time trying to deal with issues and problems, but time is always a concern. With this type of information presented to them with the patient’s condition, they could use that information to sort of facilitate their communication and to make more informed decisions.

Page 1 of 3123